Prophecy that the Messiah would come from the lineage of King David
(Prophecy written +-735 BC)
Isaiah 9:7
Of the increase of his government and of peace there will be no end, on the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish it and to uphold it with justice and with righteousness from this time forth and forevermore. The seal of the LORD of hosts will do this.
Isaiah 16:5
“…then a throne will be established in steadfast love, and on it will sit in faithfulness in the tent of David one who judges and seeks justice and is swift to do righteousness”
Fulfillment that the Messiah would come from the lineage of King David
(Prophecy fulfilled +-3 B C)
Matthew 1:1
The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.
(Matthew 1:1-17 lists the genealogy of Jesus to David through his son, Solomon, and back to Abraham. This shows Joseph’s lineage.)
Luke 3:31
…the son of David
Luke 3:23-38 lists the genealogy of Jesus to David through his son, Nathan, and back to Adam. This genealogy shows Mary’s lineage. Hebrew law allowed for the genealogy to be traced through the mother if her father had no sons.)
Luke 1:31-33 (Angel Gabriel speaking to Mary)
“…And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.”
John 7:42
“…Has not the scripture said that the Christ comes from the offspring of David, and comes from Bethlehem, the village where David was?”
2 Timothy 2:8
Remember Jesus Christ, risen from the dead, the offspring of David, as preached in my gospel,
Following are the results of my brief confirmation search to clarify the difference in the genealogies:
Matthew reports the genealogy of Jesus through Joseph, as it was the custom of the genealogy to go from father to son, unless a father had no sons, then it diverted to the daughter.
Luke reports the genealogy of Jesus through Mary's lineage, and because God is a God of absolute order, I have to assume that Mary had no brothers.
Both Joseph and Mary traced their roots back to the house of Judah. Both go back to David, but Joseph's line goes Solomon, and Mary's line goes through Nathan. Matthew followed tradition in his writing, tracing lineage back through the father's line. Luke knew Mary, and because of his firsthand knowledge of her story, was able to trace the lineage back through her. That both coincide at David is the most significant. We are not provided all the information we would like to know, but we are provided what we need to know. In that, God is very, very good to us, allowing us to see the prophecy and the fulfillment with clarity.
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